Manual

The workflow and the keyboard shortcuts. Walls are drawn by clicking a chain, typing the length in millimetres and pressing Enter.

Drawing walls

W activates the wall tool; pressing W again steps through the four shapes it draws: line, rectangle, circle and polygon. The same choice is in the panel, next to the thickness the next wall is drawn at.

With the line, the first click places a start point and subsequent clicks form a chain. A length in millimetres can be typed while drawing. Enter commits the segment at that length in the selected direction; with nothing typed, Enter closes the chain back onto its first point. Esc ends the chain.

The other three shapes take two points: corner and opposite corner for the rectangle, centre and radius for the circle and the polygon. Clicking and dragging both work. Shift keeps the rectangle square, and on a touch screen the Square toggle does the same. What they leave behind are ordinary walls — the circle is four quarter arcs — free to be moved, curved and given openings.

O toggles angle snapping (90°/45°). Shift holds the angle for as long as it is down, angle snapping on or off.
A wall drawn under the angle lock ends on the wall it is aimed at: where the locked direction crosses a wall near the cursor, the end lands on that crossing and splits that wall.
G toggles grid snapping. Off still rounds to whole millimetres.
A new wall splits every wall it crosses, and splits itself at every node it runs through.
A stretch a collinear wall already carries is not drawn again: two rectangles side by side share one wall rather than stacking two. That wall keeps the thickness it had.

Beside the thickness, the panel states what the wall is and what it is drawn in. The material is masonry, concrete, timber, steel, glass or sandwich panel; not stated is a state of its own rather than an assumption. Glass and sandwich panel are infill and change the drawing: the body is drawn as a light band between its two faces rather than as poché. Colour is meaning here too, not formatting — black is existing, red to be built, yellow to be removed — and it fills the wall body, as a verbouwtekening does. Those choices stay armed for the next wall, the way the thickness does.

Any wall can carry posts: the frame its body is held in. That is one idea for what is one thing in plan — the mullions of a curtain wall, the columns of a steel portal frame carrying sandwich panels, the studs of a timber wall. How that spacing is set out is its own choice. Even divides each run between openings into equal bays no wider than the stated figure — right for a pui or a column run, where only the maximum bay width matters: a door pushes the posts of its own run aside instead of one landing in the doorway, and the door jambs read as the posts they are in a real pui. Grid sets out fixed centres from one wall end, straight through openings and stacked frame bands alike, with only the last gap left short — the way a timber or steel stud frame is actually built: 600 mm for 1200 mm plasterboard, 625 mm for 1250 mm OSB, so board edges land on a stud and insulation batts fit cleanly between them. A timber or steel wall defaults to grid unless stated otherwise; the panel offers the plasterboard and OSB spacings as presets, alongside "even" and a spacing of its own.

The post width is stated separately. Without one a post draws as a line — the centres are known, the section is not yet. With one it is a member at the size it is built to, its depth being the wall thickness itself, and it is never drawn wider than its own bay. A wall carrying posts exports as an IFC ELEMENTEDWALL: assembled from components. Where the frame carries and the cladding does not, the wall itself is load-bearing — that is what loadBearing states about the element; the columns are not modelled separately.

Separate from that is the cladding: a skin outside the structural body. thickness stays the structure, so a sandwich wall built 100 + 100 is thickness 100 with a facade of 100. That skin lies wholly outside the structural faces, so it changes nothing about the wall graph, room detection or the net area — it is drawn as a white band with a thin outline, as a building drawing does. Two clad walls miter their skins at a corner; an unclad wall running into one lets the skin pass. Turning it on chooses the side that at that moment bounds no room; the side stays editable afterwards and is not re-derived. What the facade does set is the gross area: under the gross (BVO) area mode, measurement runs to the outer face of the facade where a bounding wall has one and to the centreline where it does not — which is what NEN 2580 says about a shared party wall. A clad wall exports to IFC as an IfcMaterialLayerSet: structure and cladding as ordered layers.

Separate from that again, each face of a wall can carry its own build-up: a stack of up to six boards — gypsum, gypsum fibre, OSB, plywood or cement, each with its own thickness — ordered from the wall outward into the room, on the side that carries no facade. Like the cladding it draws as a white band outside the structural body, one band per board so the stack reads at its true thickness, and under the net area mode the room boundary is measured to the outermost board rather than to the structure. Two neighbouring build-ups miter board line against board line, the way the cladding miters at a corner. Wall surface (stucco, paint, wallpaper) is measured to the outermost board of the build-up, not to the structure behind it; the pane notes this separately wherever a face carries a build-up. On a block-built body (aerated concrete, calcium silicate) the block format can be stated; on a timber frame the number of nogging rows, and on any frame whether the cavity is insulated; on a sandwich wall the panel width. None of the block format, nogging rows, insulation or panel width change the drawing — they are recorded for the materials takeoff.

That same face can also carry a lining wall: studs standing at a stand-off in front of the structural face, carrying that face's boards. What is recorded is the stand-off, the stud depth, timber or metal stud, an optional post spacing and post width of its own, on timber the number of nogging rows, and the cavity insulation; without a stated height the lining wall follows the top of the wall itself. Its position is never stored: the centreline, its ends and its corners are recomputed from the wall and its neighbours on every change, so moving, splitting, flipping or merging the wall carries the lining wall with it — the wall graph, room detection's own face walk, the centreline area and the gross (BVO) area see none of it, and thickness stays the structure. On the drawing the stand-off sits empty inside a band outside the structural face, with the lining wall's own studs drawn inside it at their own centres; the boards then stack outward from the front of the lining wall. Under the net area mode, measurement runs to the outermost board of the whole build-up — past the stand-off, the lining wall and the boards. Presets exist for metal stud 50, metal stud 75, timber 45×70 and timber 45×95, each with a board stack; every field stays editable afterwards. A lining wall need not run the whole wall: stretches can be stated, and where a column stands in front of the wall the lining stops either side of it — the pane proposes those stretches as the alternative to a larger stand-off. The column itself then takes its own casing: boards around it, counted over the exposed perimeter, so the part buried in the wall does not count.

Wall surface states the face area the storey's walls present — the quantity stucco, paint and wallpaper are ordered against. Each wall's net area appears in the wall list and in the pane of the selected wall; each room's appears under its row in the room list; the storey carries its own total, with an in rooms line beside it for what the rooms take between them. What is measured is the mitered face length times the height, on both faces: a wall running between two thicker walls has an inner face shorter than its centreline and an outer face longer, and it is the face that gets finished. Openings are deducted at their stated size from both faces, clamped to the face itself. Where a wall carries cladding an inner faces line appears beside it: the same net area without the clad side, which is by definition outside. A wall that states no cladding counts with both faces, since the document does not then say which side is outside. Like every figure here, this is reported and not checked.

Reveals — dagkanten — stand as their own line beside the net area, and together they make to finish. A reveal is the surface of the opening itself, through the wall's thickness: two jambs and a head. No sill — under a door that is the floor, and under a window it takes a window board rather than plaster. One reveal is shared by the two sides, half each, and that is not an approximation to apologise for: on a window in the facade the inner reveal is plasterwork and the outer one is facade detail, and the split puts each where it belongs. Each side counts its own half of the structural thickness plus its own build-up, so a reveal through a lining wall is deeper — still one reveal, not two. Cladding makes a reveal deeper as well, but that is facade work and is left out. Where a suspended ceiling sits below the head, the head does not count and the jambs stop at the ceiling.

The height is taken per face, because the two sides of one wall stand in two rooms. With no suspended ceiling that is floor to floor; with one, each face is measured to the ceiling of the room it stands in. The storey's ceiling is set in the Plan pane, and a room states its own in the room list — the bathroom under a dropped ceiling while the rest runs on. The wall between them is then finished to 2300 on the bathroom side and to the floor above on the other, which is exactly what that wall's pane shows. A ceiling is a finish: it changes nothing about the storey height, what a stair climbs, the room areas or the exports. A stated height at or above the storey height finishes nothing extra and so does not count. A floor build-up is not modelled.

A wall can state a top profile: heights at points along its centreline, instead of one height over its full length — a gable end peaking under the ridge, a lean-to wall rising from eave to top. The panel shows this as Sloped; turning it on seeds one point at the midpoint, the Gable and Lean-to buttons set a shape directly, and a further point is added and removed freely. The top runs straight between the points; a wall end without a point of its own stands at the height above, which then becomes the height at the wall's ends. The profile is stated per wall rather than derived from a roof plane, so two walls meeting at a node can state a different height there, which the panel reports without resolving it where one of them is sloped. Wall surface is measured over this profile instead of one height, and an opening whose head pokes through it is reported and deducted only up to where the profile runs. The plan itself is a section at a fixed height and stays unchanged; only a small angle mark near the midpoint of a sloped wall shows that it carries one.

Energy

Energy states the geometric BENG input for the building: the envelope area Als — facade area net of its openings, glazing, doors, the roof and the ground floor plate together — alongside the usable area Ag in the plan's own area mode, the compactness Als/Ag, the gross volume per storey and, once the north bearing is stated under the Permit sheet section, the glazing area by orientation. Only a wall that states a facade counts toward the envelope; a wall with none is internal or a party wall. Measurement runs on the mitred structural facade face, per storey floor to floor — a suspended ceiling is a finish and does not apply here — with openings deducted at their true size. The plate is the sum of the rooms' gross floor areas; the roof is the top storey's own plate plus whatever a lower storey leaves uncovered. An overhang is flagged, not measured. A wall stating no facade that borders no room at all is counted separately and reported as probably exterior.

The Rc and U figures in use come from the chosen insulation class and glazing type, which together fill in Rc for the wall, the roof and the floor, and U for the window and the door. These are the figures actually used, and every one of them can be overridden: a wall can state its own Rc, and a window or door its own U. The classes are indicative tabulated values, at the Bouwbesluit minimum for the years 1992, 2013 and 2015, and the BENG minimum from 2021; the glazing types run from single glazing through double and HR++ to triple.

The figure below it is the indicative transmission loss: H_T = Σ U·A over every element carrying a value, converted to kWh per year at 2800 heating degree days. It leaves out ventilation, infiltration, solar gain, internal heat, thermal bridging and installations, and is therefore not an energy demand under NTA 8800; a registered BENG calculation requires attested software and an adviser certified under BRL 9500. As with every figure here: everything is reported, nothing is checked. The IFC export carries the U-value derived from Rc for each facade wall, and the stated U for windows and doors, as ThermalTransmittance, so attested software can read the figure.

Roof

Roof states the storey's roof planes: an outline in plan, the height of the eave — the low edge — and the pitch. A roof plane is stated, not derived: a wall's own top profile stays its own statement, and where the two disagree that is reported rather than resolved.

Suggest from walls proposes planes from what is already drawn: two gable walls that agree on height and eave and stand opposite each other yield a gable roof with the ridge between their two peaks; one lean-to wall yields a single sloped plane with the eave on its low side; otherwise one flat plane is proposed over the storey's own outer outline, at storey height. The proposal is only written once Accept is pressed; Flat roof and Gable roof 45° place those same two simple shapes directly, without showing a proposal first.

Each plane states its eave height, its pitch and, optionally, a roof thickness of its own — without a stated value the default thickness applies. The sloped area (plan area divided by the cosine of the pitch) sits beside it, and each plane can be removed on its own. Two kinds of wall under a roof plane disagree with it and are reported, each with a Follow roof button that carries that wall's top profile from the roof: a wall that pokes through the roof's underside somewhere, and a wall that already states a top profile of its own that the roof does not agree with. A flat wall standing below the roof over its whole length — the ordinary partition under a ridge — is not a mismatch and is not reported.

A roof changes three figures stated elsewhere in the panel. Under Energy, the sloped roof area counts instead of the flat top plate. In the room list under Zoomen, every room with less than 1500 mm of headroom reports a low-headroom area on its own row, with the usable area NEN 2580 counts — the net area minus that part — under it. The measurement takes the lower of two figures at every point, the roof's underside and a stated ceiling height, so a ceiling below 1500 mm counts as well. The storey's total sits under Roof. A selected stair states its headroom under the roof beside its other figures. In the 3D view and the IFC export, each plane is a slab at its own thickness, grouped under one IfcRoof. As everywhere here: reported, never checked.

Materials

Materials states the storey's materials takeoff: what the drawn walls ask for in timber, steel, board build-ups, insulation and blocks, counted from the post centres, the block format, the number of nogging rows and the cavity insulation stated on each wall, and cut to the face length from Wall surface. A framed wall yields a bottom and a top plate at the full frame length and counts a stud at every drawn post position, at both wall ends (unless an opening's jamb already stands within one stud width of that end, where its own king stud takes over), as a king stud on both sides of every opening, and as backing at every corner or junction where two or more framed walls with a stated stud width meet (one at a corner, two at a T or a crossing; a straight run split into two walls needs none). Under an opening a header carries two post widths extra, doubled on edge, carried on a jack stud on each side, with a sill under a window and cripples between the header or the sill and the plate. A steel frame yields the same studs — king and backing included — under the names rail and stud, but no noggings, header or jack stud: a door frame is its own element there. Where the first board fixed to the studs is shorter than the frame, every horizontal board joint gets a row of joint backing between each pair of studs, on timber and steel alike; its height follows from that board kind's sheet size, with whole sheets from the floor, and a nogging row within a post width of the joint is left out. A block wall yields a number of blocks from the block format; a sandwich wall a number of panels from the panel width. A build-up yields, per board and per board kind, square metres and sheets at that kind's own sheet size, over the side of the wall that carries no facade; cavity insulation yields square metres on the same side. The takeoff is grouped by construction system. Under Decks each deck lists its joists at the clear span plus the bearing at both ends, its two rim boards and its decking sheets; a joist is never spliced, a rim board may be. A deck without a joist section counts its decking only.

The assumptions above it — the stock lengths, the saw kerf, the waste allowance and the sheet sizes — can be changed per document and apply to the whole takeoff; without a stated value the ordinary figures apply. Plates and rails are nested onto the stock lengths: longest pieces first, into the first stock length that still has room, each cut charged the saw kerf; a plate longer than the longest stock length is spliced into lengths of that stock, never a stud, header, nogging or cripple — those are listed as fitting no stock length instead, naming the wall and the member. A wall that states no post width, no block format or no panel width is left out of that part of the count and reported separately.

The materials takeoff is an estimate from the drawn construction, under the stated assumptions — not an order, and no check on what a contractor actually needs.

Every wall offers an Elevation button in its own panel: a side elevation at true scale of what that wall states. A framed wall that states a stud width shows its bottom and top plate, studs, king studs, jack studs, noggings and backing, each counted the way the materials takeoff counts them; a block wall that states a block format shows its courses in stretcher bond, with cut blocks at the ends and at every opening; a sandwich wall that states a panel width shows its panel lines, the last panel cut to fit. Any other wall — and a framed, block or sandwich wall that does not state the one measurement its own kind needs — shows the face and its openings without that further drawing; the button is always enabled and the elevation itself names what is missing. The elevation follows the wall while it stays open and downloads as SVG.

Under a sloped top the frame follows the profile: every stud, king stud and backing stud is cut to the height at its own higher edge, less the plates, so nothing is ever ordered short, and the top plate is one raked plate per straight run of the profile, its length measured along the slope. A wall may stand as more than one frame stacked: its panel offers a frame-break row per stated height and a button to add one, optionally at the height of a deck that touches the wall. Each break yields a double plate — the frame below's own top plate and the frame above's own bottom plate — and only the topmost frame follows the slope; a frame below a break stays flat at its own break height. Where a stud fits no stock length, the materials takeoff also states the height a break would let it fit at.

Structure

A selected deck, beam or opening shows a Structure head: the span, the load with its make-up — permanent and variable, and for a lintel the self-weight of the wall above it — the section, the utilisation per criterion (bending, shear, deflection, with the governing one marked), the deflection against its limit, and whether the section stays within the stated limits. One calculation is applied three ways: a deck's joists over their own span and centres, a placed beam over its own authored load, and an opening's lintel over the wall standing above it, read at the height of the roof or the deck above so that a lintel in a gable is not loaded with wall that is not there. A beam whose label names a rolled steel size (HEA, HEB, IPE) is checked against that catalogue section rather than as rectangular timber; every other section — a deck's joists, a beam with no recognised profile, every lintel — is checked as rectangular timber.

Where a fact is missing, the panel states which one and, where it names a row, which row above carries it; a lintel with no stated wall material points at the wall's own material, in its own panel. Where the stated section stays outside the stated limit, a button offers the smallest section from the sections list that stays within it, and writes it into the deck, beam or opening in one click; where none of the stated sections stays within the stated limits, the panel says so instead of showing a button.

The check is a preliminary sizing of one simply supported span under a uniformly distributed load: M = qL²/8, V = qL/2, bending and shear against a strength that accounts for kmod, the material factor and (for timber) the creep factor, and a deflection against L/limit. A trimmer beside an opening also carries its headers as point loads. Other point loads, continuous or cantilevered spans, lateral-torsional stability, vibration, notches, bearing stress, connections and fire fall outside it. Under Materials are the assumptions the check reads: the timber strength class — a preset that only fills the strength figures, the same way the insulation class does under Energy — the partial factors on permanent and variable load, the deflection limit as a span fraction, and the list of sections a proposal is chosen from. Without a stated figure, indicative table values apply. As everywhere here: reported, not a constructieberekening (structural calculation) — that requires a qualified structural engineer.

A deck's Structure head also shows two comfort figures beside the strength check: the span's fundamental frequency and its deflection under a 1 kN point load, each against an indicative limit — 8 Hz and 1.5 mm, editable under Materials. A deck whose bending, shear and deflection stay within the stated limits can still feel noticeably lively; these two figures are ordinary engineering formulas the same way the strength check itself is, not a table from a standard. They read the joists' and decking's own mass plus the stated permanent load, not the variable load, and the stated joist section; without a stated permanent load or section, no figure is shown. They say nothing about a heavy finish, a long or continuous span, or a floor carrying machinery — those need their own assessment. Where a deck stays outside the stated limit, the panel names a fixed list of what raises the figure: a deeper joist, closer centres, blocking or a strongback between the joists, or a deck glued as well as screwed.

The Export assumptions sheet button — in the document menu and at the foot of Materials — records this checking on one printable page, to hand a structural engineer: per storey, every deck, beam and lintel with its span, load make-up, section and result, every deck's comfort figures, the stated assumptions as figures, every assumption edited away from its default, and a fixed list of what the check does not cover — point loads, continuous or cantilevered spans, lateral-torsional stability, notches, bearing stress, connections, fire, the load path below the member and the foundation, plus a joist trimmed around an opening in a deck. A document with no deck, beam or lintel gets a page that says so, rather than an empty one. As everywhere here: reported, not a constructieberekening.

Selecting, moving, curving

V activates selection and dragging for nodes, walls and symbols. A selected wall displays a diamond handle at its midpoint; dragging it forms a circular arc. The sagitta in millimetres is editable in the panel, alongside thickness and length. Editing the length moves the far node along the wall direction.

Two walls that stop short of each other can be joined: select both (Shift+click) and the panel offers Join walls. Both are extended to where their directions cross and the ends become one node — the same works for an overlap, where the crossing simply lies behind one of the ends. Parallel walls have no crossing, so their ends are welded at the midpoint and the button says so. Where the join cannot be made, the panel states which condition failed: the walls already share a node, one end is attached to a third wall, or they do not reach each other.

Nodes can also be added and removed on their own. Cmd/Ctrl+click on a wall splits it there and selects the new node, so its x and y can be set exactly — the same gesture as on a service run. A selected node is drawn in the selection colour, so it is clear what Del will act on: it removes the node, not the wall. Where two walls meet there they become one — a corner included, since that is what removing a node means. At a wall end there is nothing to heal into and that one wall goes with it. Where three or more walls meet, nothing happens: removing it would leave loose ends, and Delete with walls sits beside it for anyone who wants that. Del behaves the same way on a service run — the point goes and its neighbours are reconnected. Where a node sits between exactly two walls that run in one line and state the same things, the panel offers Remove node: the two become one wall and the openings move with it. The same operation sits on the walls themselves: select both sections and the panel offers Merge walls — two sections are two things on the screen, and that is where the button gets looked for. Where it cannot be done, the panel says why.

Doors, windows and passages

D, N and P place a door, window and passage respectively on a wall. During placement, dimensions to both wall ends are displayed. Direction, width and type are then configured in the panel; all options appear on door and window types.

With an opening tool active, the panel states what the next placement gets: width, hand and fire resistance. Those choices persist, so a run of identical doors comes out right in one pass instead of one edit at a time afterwards. The widths offered are the standard Dutch internal frame openings — 730, 780, 830, 880, 930 and 1010 mm — plus the double-leaf sizes; any other width stays typeable. width is the clear frame opening, not the door leaf.

Fire resistance is written the way a drawing writes it: WBDBO with the rating in minutes, alongside WBD and WRD. Setting a rating marks the door self-closing. The annotation reaches the plan and every export.

The frame material and, on a door, the leaf construction can be stated. They are written to the IFC export as the door or window's material constituents and drawn in 3D only as the colour of a steel leaf. A honeycomb-core leaf under a fire rating is reported.

An opening remains associated with its wall and moves when that wall moves.

Symbols

S opens the symbol tool. Palette search matches both languages; for example, “wandcontactdoos” finds the socket in the English interface. Wall-mounted symbols snap to the wall face and align with it. R rotates, M mirrors, and Alt-drag copies one that is already right. Colour indicates status: black is existing, red is new work and yellow is to be removed. All 84 are listed under floorplan symbols.

Stairs

T opens the stair tool with the fifteen types from the plan-symbol sheet: straight flight, stair with a landing, quarter turns at the foot or the top, spiral and helical stairs, an escalator, a loft ladder, climbing irons and a ramp. A stair is not a symbol: its width, going and tread count are stored in the document, so the same flight is 900 mm wide in a house and 1200 in a unit. The rise comes from the storey: a stair follows the storey height set in the Plan panel unless it states one of its own, which a flight up to a mezzanine beside a void needs. A flight of 15 treads has 16 risers, so a 2800 mm storey gives a 175 riser and a walking rule of 570. The treads, the walking line, the arrow and where the break line falls all follow from that. The panel puts the results beside the inputs and states in red where a figure falls outside the ordinary; Wallgraph does not check regulations. Which figures are ordinary depends on the use set in the panel: for a dwelling (woonfunctie) a riser of at most 188 and a going of at least 220 mm, for any other use 210 and 185. A stair with no use stated is read against the widest margin, so a flight that is ordinary for some use is not flagged. R turns a quarter about the middle of the stair and M mirrors, before placing as well as after. A stair that turns states its direction in the panel, clockwise or anticlockwise; a stair with a quarter at each end sets each quarter on its own, so it either comes back beside itself at the top or leaves to the other side. The arrow always points from the bottom of the flight to the top; a stair going down is the same stair, turned around. A flight on the storey below shows through faintly on the plan above it, which is where it arrives.

Structure

H opens the structure tool: column, beam, railing, vide and deck — the load-bearing and guarding parts that are not walls. None of them enters the wall graph: a column stands free of the centerlines even where it sits in a wall, a beam spans whatever carries it, and a railing guards an edge without bounding a room. Each is a placed object carrying its own dimensions, like a stair, and the drawing follows from them.

The plan's section plane decides how each is drawn. A column is cut by it and takes poché, as a wall does; the section is rectangular, round or an H-profile, with width and depth in the document. A column carries the floor above unless it states a height of its own, which a column under the floor edge of a void needs. A beam runs above the section plane and is therefore dashed, as a wall cabinet is; the ordinary rolled sections (HEA, HEB, IPE) are listed in the panel and set flange width, section height and the designation at once, but the document stores the figures and the label, not the table row. A beam's top sits at the storey height unless an underside of its own is stated. A railing stands below the section plane and is drawn in outline: two lines at the handrail's width, with a tick per baluster at the stated centres. Beams and railings are set out between two points, by clicking or dragging; O locks the angle. A wall with its own height of 1200 mm or less — a parapet, a knee wall, a plinth — is outlined rather than hatched for the same reason.

A vide is an opening in the floor, open to the storey below. It belongs to the floor the hole is cut in rather than being a storey of its own — the slab has a hole and the plan of that storey draws it. A stairwell opening is the same object: the hole a flight from below comes up through, drawn on the plan of the floor above. The mark is the outline with a diagonal from each corner, and it cuts the floor tint underneath, because a vide is not floor.

A deck is the reverse: a timber floor where the storey has none. Without a height it is the storey's own floor, with its joists below; with a height it is a loft or mezzanine inside the storey, which lies above the section plane and is therefore dashed. The rectangle is the clear span between the supports; the joists run across the width or the depth, at centres set out from both edges so the two edge joists always stand. Each joist bears the stated bearing beyond the span at both ends. Joist section, decking and loads are figures of their own; a use (living, storage, balcony) only fills in the two loads with indicative figures. Wallgraph does not check a deck.

Material is a choice per element, as it is for a wall, and not stated is an answer of its own. The IFC export writes column, beam and railing as elements of their own with their figures; the 3D view extrudes them to their height. Wallgraph checks nothing about a structure: a column or beam is a figure on the drawing, not a calculation.

Fit-out

C opens the fit-out tool: cabinetry, kitchen appliances, sanitary fixtures and furniture. None of them is a symbol, for the reason a stair is not: the same unit is built 400, 600 or 800 mm wide, a bath is 1700 or 1800 long, and a table is whatever the room takes. Width, depth and height live in the document, and the carcass, the front, the hinge mark, the bowl and the worktop overhang are derived from them at render time.

The panel groups the named pieces by room — kitchen, sanitary, cabinets and racking, furniture. Under the picker are the fields that form actually reads: a cabinet has a height class, a front and a hinge side; an appliance has its mark; a shower has a tray or none; a bed has only a size. A cabinet's height class decides how it meets the plan's section plane: base units are seen from above and tall units are cut through, both drawn solid; wall units and extractor hoods hang entirely above it and are therefore drawn dashed, as overhead work is.

For cabinetry the sizes offered are the standard module widths: 150, 200, 300, 400, 450, 500, 600, 800, 900, 1000 and 1200 mm, beside a typed width for a filler cut to size; other forms carry their own ladder. A piece that stands against a wall snaps flush to it and to the piece beside it, so a kitchen comes out as a continuous run rather than a line of units aligned by eye. A free-standing piece — a bed, a sofa, a table — lands where the cursor is. R turns a quarter about the middle, M mirrors.

Shift-click picks out more than one piece; dragging then moves everything selected, and turning, mirroring and deleting apply to the whole selection. A group takes no snap, so a run that has been arranged stays arranged. Alt-drag copies instead of moving — the copy follows the cursor with the original's size, colour and hinge side.

Building services

U opens the services tool. A run is one connected network of points and segments rather than a loose line: a shared trunk is stored once and branches from there to as many sockets, taps, drains or air terminals as it needs. Click to place points; Esc or a double-click ends the run, and Cmd/Ctrl+click adds a point along one. There are five disciplines — electrical, water, heating, ventilation and gas — each with its own colour and its own layer under Visible layers. Heating is its own discipline rather than a kind of water: CV pipe is sized on a different basis and appears on an installation drawing as a separate system, even where one installer lays both.

What a run states depends on its discipline, and decides how it draws:

Electrical — power, utp or coax; the number of cores; board, group and a cable tag. A data run is dashed, a power run solid.
Water — cold, hot or drain, with the diameter: 15/22/28 for supply, 40/50/75/110 for drainage. Hot takes its own tint within the water ink; drain is dashed and heavier.
Heating — CV flow or CV return, 15/16/22/28 mm.
Ventilation — supply or extract, duct diameter 100 to 200 mm, and a flow rate in m³/h where one is known. Extract is dashed.
Gas — diameter.

Every run also carries a mounting method — concealed, surface, in the floor, in or above the ceiling, or a free route — and a height above the floor. The line says what kind of run it is; how thick it draws says how much room it needs. From 50 mm up a run gains a footprint band at its true bore beneath its own line: a Ø200 duct occupies 200 mm, and a drawing that shows that as a hairline cannot answer whether it fits. Below that the line is the whole statement — a 15 mm supply leg goes where it is put. Electrical states no size at all, because a bundle of cable has no meaningful width in plan.

Symbols carry service ports. Place a symbol on a loose end of a run and that end is taken over: the point follows the symbol from then on. The following is derived rather than stored — move the socket and the end goes with it, because the run reads the symbol's current position when it draws rather than an updated copy. Where a device stands part-way along a run, the panel offers Connect to and the run is split there; where it stands exactly on a bend or a junction, it offers Connect here to and that existing point is adopted, so the run turns at the device. Both are a choice in the panel and never happen on their own: a placement should not silently swallow a junction in the middle of a trunk. Until a device is connected, the panel names which service is still open.

A loose endpoint can be typed as a source, capped, or a run leaving the model, and can be continued to the storey above or below. Such a riser is visible on every storey it touches, with its own shaft tag. The panel counts what arrives, leaves and passes through per storey, and how much vertical run belongs to that storey — each shaft once, charged to the lowest storey it touches, so the same shaft is not counted again on every plan. What does not add up is reported rather than refused: a riser pointing at a point that no longer exists, one joining points on the same storey, one joining different disciplines, or one joining runs whose data disagree.

The panel states the drawn length, and separately the drops to the devices the run is connected to: those are real cable but are not on the plan, so they are stated beside the drawn length rather than folded into it. Devices with no stated mounting height are counted, not guessed. Where the network runs across storeys, its total length is given too, with the vertical part stated separately. Two runs can be merged where that produces one connected service — the same discipline throughout, and touching; where it does not, the panel says which of the two is missing. Follow the walls takes each leg by the shortest path along the walls at a settable offset from the centreline, and leaves an ordinary run behind to edit afterwards.

On export each discipline gets its own DXF layer, with separate layers for data, water drainage and ventilation extract, since DXF settles colour and dash per layer rather than per line. The permit sheets carry no services.

Framing and naming rooms

F fits the whole plan, Shift+F the selection. Both work in any tool. Z opens the room tool: drag a box on the drawing to zoom into it, or click a room to frame it.

The panel lists every detected room in the order they appear on the drawing. A row states the area and, once it has one, the name; the button beside it turns the row into an input. The list follows the walls: a room divided in two shows as two rows, with nothing to keep in step.

3D view

3 switches to the 3D view: the whole building, extruded directly from the drawn walls — door and window openings cut out, floor slabs with their voids and stairwells, columns, beams and railings, stairs tread by tread, the fit-out piece by piece (cabinets on their plinths and under their worktops, fixtures with their tubs and bowls, furniture on its legs), every storey at its own level. Dragging orbits, scrolling zooms, Shift+drag pans; F fits everything and Esc or 3 again returns to the plan. Like the rooms, the view is derived: nothing three-dimensional is stored in the document.

The facade cladding, board stacks and voorzetwand are drawn as bodies of their own in 3D. Each element shows the appearance of its material: colour, surface and a pattern drawn at real size (brick, blocks, concrete, timber, sandwich panel, roof tiles, plaster, steel). A wall with no stated material stays neutral.

Appearance per element. An element's pane holds a colour and a pattern under 3D that replace the default appearance; Default restores it. The choice is saved in the plan and is separate from the element's pen colour (existing, new, to be removed).
Image. Load image… adds an image as a texture and asks for the real width and height in mm that the image covers. The images are listed in the Plan panel under Images for 3D, with rename, size and remove. Like the underlay, they are stored in the plan and left out of a share link; large images take browser storage.
Light. The sun is placed from the plan's north arrow (north up when none is set) and casts shadows. It is a presentation, not a sun or daylight study.
Phases. Construction phase in 3D: existing, new and to be removed (P) colours elements by their pen colour: existing grey, new red, to be removed translucent amber.
3D image. While the 3D view is open, the document menu offers 3D image (window), 3D image (HD) (1920 × 1080) and 3D image (4K) (3840 × 2160).

Room names

A name is written in that list, or by clicking a room's area figure on the drawing, which opens the same row. An empty field takes the name off again.

Rooms themselves are derived from the walls and are not in the document; what was authored is the name and the point it was written at, so that is what is stored. Which room carries the name follows from that point. Move a wall so the point falls in the next room and the name goes with the point.

One room carries one name. Take out the wall between two named rooms and the name of the larger of the two keeps the room that results; the other is deleted, because the room it named is gone. The wall and the name go in one step, so Ctrl+Z brings both back. A name that falls in no room at all does keep drawing where it was written, which is what an open-plan space or a wall loop that is not closed yet needs.

The name sits above the area figure and carries into PNG, SVG and DXF.

Rooms and dimensions

Closed wall loops are detected as rooms and labelled with their area. That area is net by default (inner faces, NEN 2580); the canvas legend states which convention is in force, and the Plan panel can select centerline measurement. L toggles dimension lines on every wall; selecting a dimension label enables length input.

The dimension lines carry the same two conventions, chosen separately under Dimensions: centerline, clear span — measured between the wall faces, which is what interior work is set out from — or both, in which case each chain gets its own line and the clear one sits nearest the building. With the clear span shown, every rectangular room also states its free width and depth below the area, in PNG, SVG and DXF.

A opens the tape measure: click two points, or drag from one to the other, and the distance between them appears on the drawing with its horizontal and vertical components beneath. The tape catches corners, wall faces, reveals, columns, stairs, cabinets and runs, and once the first point is down also the perpendicular foot on a wall, so the clear distance to a wall is one movement. Shift holds the second end to one of eight directions; the walls' angle lock O does not apply here. A reading is not stored and appears in no export.

Saving and exporting

PNG — the plan as an image, cropped to the drawing, no grid, with a scale bar.
SVG — vector artwork at true scale: 1 mm in the document is 1 mm on paper printed at 100%.
DXF — walls, swings, symbols, stairs, voids, columns, beams, railings, the fit-out split by trade, room names and areas on separate layers, in millimetres, for CAD. Overhead work gets a layer of its own, since it hangs above the section plane.
JSON — the document itself; see document format.

The plan is saved automatically in local browser storage. This requires no account or application server. The plan remains available after the tab is closed.

Keyboard shortcuts

Key	Does
`V`	select and move
`W`	draw walls; again: next shape
`D` `N` `P`	door, window, passage
`S`	place a symbol
`T`	place a stair
`H`	structure: column, beam, railing, vide, deck
`C`	place fit-out
`Z`	rooms: drag a box, click a room, name a room
`A`	tape measure: distance between two points
`F`	fit everything in view
`Shift`+`F`	fit the selection
`3`	3D view on/off
`P`	construction phase colours in 3D on/off (3D view only)
`O`	angle snap on/off
`Shift`	hold the angle while drawing
`G`	grid snap on/off
`L`	dimension lines on/off
`R` `M`	rotate about the middle, mirror
`Shift`+click	select more pieces
`Alt`+drag	drag a copy instead of the original
`Del`	delete the selection
`Enter`	close the wall chain (with no length typed)
`Esc`	cancel / end the chain
`Ctrl`+`Z`	undo
`Ctrl`+`Shift`+`Z`	redo
scroll	zoom to the cursor
right-drag	pan

Open the editor. Ctrl+Z reverses the last document change.